Overcoming the Challenges of Freestanding Tin Oxide‐Based Composite Anodes to Achieve High Capacity and Increased Cycling Stability

Freestanding electrodes are a promising way to increase the energy density of batteries by decreasing overall amount electrochemically inactive materials. antimony doped tin oxide (ATO)-based hybrid materials have not been reported so far, although this material has demonstrated excellent performance in conventionally designed electrodes. Two different strategies, namely electrospinning and freeze-casting, explored for fabrication ATO-based It is shown that ATO/carbon based from polyvinyl pyrrolidone polymer (PVP) solutions was successful, as resulting electrode suffers rapid degradation. However, freestanding reduced graphene (rGO) containing ATO/C/rGO nanocomposites prepared via freeze-casting route demonstrates an impressive rate cycling reaching 697 mAh g−1 at high current 4 A g−1, which 40 times higher compared SnO2/rGO also exceeds SnO2-based composites far. Antimony doping nanosized phase carbon coating thereby be essential factors appealing electrochemical performance. Finally, anodes combined with LiFe0.2Mn0.8PO4/rGO cathodes obtain full cell operating without metal collector foils showing nonetheless stability.